Liquid-meter.



Patented 001:. I4, |902. J. C. ANDERSON. i

LIIUID METER.`-

(Application med nur. 1o, 1902.)

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J. C. ANDERSON. LIQUID METER. (Applimionaiea mr. 1o, 1902.)

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LIQUID METER.

(Application led Mar. 10, 1902.) V (llo Model.)

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J. C. ANDERSON.

LIO.UID METER.

(Application med mm 1o, 1902.)

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(No Model.)

WJTNESSES;

J. C. ANDERSON.

LIUUID METER.

(Application led Mm'.A 10, 1902.) (Ilo Model.) I0 Shaets-$heet 6.

No. mm2.' Patented oct. `I4,v |902;`

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Patented Oct. |4I902. J. C. ANDERSON.

LIQUID METER.

(Application tiled Mar. 10, 1902.)

l0 Sheets-Sheet 8.

(No vModel.)

Snowdon No. 71H92. Patented Oct. I4, |902.

J. C. ANDERSON.

LIQUID METER. {Application med Mar. 1o, 1902.)

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, Patented Oct. I4, |902. J. C. ANDERSON.

LIU. METER.

V(Applicazion ar. 10, 1902.)

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lnvantoz E Nonms PETERS ce. Nom um UNTTED STATES `PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES C. ANDERSON, OF HIGHLAND PARK, lLLlNOlS.

LIQUID-METER.

:SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 711,192, dated October14, 1902.

Application filed Marcil l0, 1902- Serial No. 97,718. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES C. ANDERSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at llighland Park, in the county of Lake and State of Illinois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Meters; andIdo hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it ap'pertains to make and use the same.

Myinvention relates to certain new and useful improvements inliquid-meters of that class shown and described in Letters Patent No.688,378, granted to me December l0, 1901, and in which is employed asingle reciprocating and oscillating piston provided with portsleadingthrough said piston and adapted to register with the inlet andoutlet ports or conduits of the casing. In the meter described in saidpatent the piston is provided with a radial wing inclosed within alcngitudinally-movable valve-box mounted upon the periphery of thepiston and located Within the tapering side walls and vertical end wallsof an upwardly-projecting portion of the casing, suitable channels andports being provided for the inlet and exhaust of the liquid and wherebyoscillating motionis imparted to the piston during its longitudinal orreciprocating movements. For a more dctailed description of said meterreference is made to the Letters Patent above referred to.

My present invention has for its object to Simplify the constructionreferred to and to dispense entirely with any radial projection on thecasing and all means beyond the periphery of the piston for producingthe oscillation of the same.

My invention has fora further object to reduce the area ofwearing-surfaces to the minimum and to provide automatic adjustment ofsaid surfaces under and through the medium of the liquid-pressure. v

My invention has for a further object the making of the parts whichconstitute the wearing-surfaces readily removable and interchangeable,whereby repairs may be readily and economically made.

My invention has for a further object providing details of constructionwhereby readily-renewable parts may be sundered to relieve the mainstructure when excessive strain is exerted by the freezing action duringeX- cessively cold temperatures.

\Vith these ends in view my invention consists of a casing and alongitudinally-movable piston provided with a segmental longitudinalchannel and a radial wing, the latter pivotally arranged within thelongitudinal axis ofthe piston and having its outer edge located withina longitudinal seat in the metercasing and suitable inlet and outletpassages in the casing and inlet and exhaust ports in the piston,whereby the transit of liquid through the meter will cause the piston toreciprocate within the casing and oscillate upon its jointure or pivotalconnection with the wing, and thereby accurately measure and cause to berecorded the amount of liquid passing through the meter, all as will behereinafter and more fully described.

My invention consists, further, in the details ot construction andarrangement hereinafter more fully described and specifically claimed.

In order that those skilled in the art to which my invention appertainsmay know 110W to make my improved meter and fully understand itsoperation, I will proceed to describe the same, referring by numerals to.the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an end view with thenear capplate or head removed and exposing the piston located at thenearest end of the cylinder and in its initial position. Fig. 2 is atransverse section .ou the line d a of Fig. Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection of the same on the line l) b of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a View similarto Fig. l, but showing the piston in its position after having made halfits stroke in one direction. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the linec c of Fig. (5. Fig. (i is a horizontal section on the line d CZ of Fig.4. Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the line e e of Fig. 8 and showingthe piston at the extreme end of the first half-stroke opposite to thatshown in Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on the line ff of Fig.7. Fig. i) is a transverse section on the line g g of Fig. lO andshowing the position ofthe piston at a half-stroke on its return towardthe position shown at Fig. l. Fig. 10 is a horizontal section on theline 7L h of Fig. 9. Fig. ll `is a longitudinal section on the line t'iol Fig. El, the pistou be- IOO ing in the same position. Fig. 12 is abottom plan view of the piston, showing in dotted lines the trend of theseveral parts therein. Fig. 13 is a detail perspective view of thepiston looking toward the end shown at Fig. 1. Fig. 14 is a detailperspective view of the piston looking toward the end opposite to thatshown at Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a top plan View of the piston with partsbroken away. Fig. 16 is a longitudinal section of the cylinder orcasing, showing in elevation the bottom semicylindrical bearing-plateand one of the cut-off plates. Figs. 17 to 26 are diagrammatic viewsshowing the manner in which the ports in the piston are successivelybrought into register with the ports in the cut-off plates, located,respectively, between the inlet and the outlet conduit-pipes.

Similar numerals indicate like parts in the several figures of thedrawings.

1 represents the cylindrical portion of the casing, the ends of whichare closed by screwcaps 2, as clearly shown at Figs. 3, 6, 8, 10, and11, and which are screwed into the ends of the cylindrical portion l ofthe case.

3 is the base of the casing, and 4 is the upper portion of the saine,upon which is securely mounted the box or casing 5, within which islocated the registering mechanism.

6 is theinlet-nipple, and 7 the outlet-nipple, of the casing, which areprovided with-exterior threads, as shown at Fig. l, for connection withthe service-pipes. (Not shown.)

Within the inlet and outlet nipples 6 and 7 are located tubes 8, theouter ends of which are threaded and screwed into the nipples 6 and 7,and the inner ends projecting a short distance within the casing 1 andadapted to iitfwithin the circularopenings of cut-off plates 9, which,as shown, are adapted to constitute bearing-surfaces for thereciprocating and oscillating piston 10.

As shown at Fig. 16, the cnt-olf plates 9 have the circular opening,which fits over the tubes 8, merging or terminating in a rectangularopening 11, so that the several ports of the piston may be brought intoregister there with during the reciprocating and oscillating movementsof the piston, as indicated by the diagrammatic Figs. 17 to 26 and aswill be hereinafter described.

The piston 10 is cylindrical in form and is provided with a radial orsegmental channel l2, extending from end to end, and with an axialcylindrical pocket or recess 13, (see Figs. 13 and 111,) adapted toreceive a cylindrical longitudinal key 14, which has a lon- `gitudinalkerf or slot to receive a t-enon or end guide studs or pins 19, whichenter a lon gitudinal groove 2O (see particularly Fig. 11) in the underside ofthe plate 17. These studs or pins represent cords of thecylindrical base portion 21, which is formed with a pocket, in whichspiral springs 22 are located, which are designed to overcome simply thegravity of the plate 17 in order that the normal relations between thesaid plate and the piston shall be always maintained as the surfaces maybecome worn and so that the liquid-pressure hereinafter referred to mayoperate to hold the said platein proper water-tight Working relationwith the piston. These pins or studs are, as clearly shown, seatedwithin screw-threaded plugs 23, which close corresponding openings inthe bottom of the case 1, and by this form of construction the parts maybe readily located and assembled.

The piston 1 is provided at each end with lugs 24, tapped to receive thescrews 25, by means of which the removable heads 26 of the piston aresecured in place upon said piston. These heads 26, as clearly shown inthe several longitudinal sectional figures of the drawings, are slightlygreater in diameter than the remaining or body portion of the piston,and hence constitute limited frictional and wearing surfaces in contactwith the casing 1, thus also reducing the resistance to thereciprocating and oscillating movements of the piston.

The screws 25 are made predeterminedly weaker near the head portion, asclearly shown in the drawings, in order that should the liquid in themeter freeze under low temperatures the necessary expansion of suchliquid will cause the heads of the screws to strip off, thus permittingeither or both of the heads 26 to part from the body of the piston, andthus prevent damage otherwise to the meter as a whole.

The caps 2 of the casing are made predeterminedly weaker at a givenlocality by a circular groove 27 in .order that under con* IOO IIO

ditions of freezing above referred to these caps will also be ruptured.

The screws 25 are made with a reduced square body portion, as clearlyshown, near the head for producing the referred-to Weak portion, and theheads 26, where the screws pass through the same, are formed with aspace around the square portion of the screws 25 in order that asuitable tool may be used to back out that portion of the screw left inthe lugs 24.

From the description given of the general and specific manner ofsecuring the heads 26 and the cylinder-caps 2 in position it will beseen that said parts may be readily restored in place or economicallyrenewed under all conditions.

From the description thus far given and Without reference to the causeswhich operate to give to the piston its reciprocating and oscillatingmovements, which will be presently described, it will be seen that inthe re- 4formed with longitudinal recesses 29.

ciprocating movements the bearing-surfaces consist of the exteriors ofthe piston-heads 26 and the interior surfaces of the caps 2 of thecylinder 1 and the groove 20 of the semicylindrical plate 17 and thestuds or pins 19,`

the plate 17 being held in fixed longitudinal relation with the pistonbetween the heads 26, as clearly shown at Fig. 11. During theoscillating movements of the piston the contact-surfaces are the heads26 and cylindercaps 2 and between the cylindrical body of the piston 10and the semicylindrical plate 17. The inner ends of the heads 26 beingreduced to the same diameter as the body of the piston and constitutinga seat, as shown at 28, Fig. 11, for the ends of the plate 17, a limitedbearing-surface also exists at such locality during the oscillatorymovement of the piston.

For the purposes to be hereinafter eX- plained the periphery of thepiston 1 is See particularly the figures representing transversesections.)

I will now proceed to describe the several ports in the piston 10, andin doing so I shall refer to the arrows employed to indicate themovement of the liquid through said ports,

those arrows shown with a feathered butt indicating the inlet and thosewith plain or V- shaped butt indicating the outlet or exhaust movementsof the liquid.

In following out the construction of the Various parts and the trend ofthe liquid attention is directed to the serial order of the figures ofthe drawings, which, as heretofore stated in the description of theseveral iigures, indicate the relation and position of the parts as theyappear in the progressive movements thereof.

Looking now and particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, the piston is shown atthe nearest end of the cylinder and in what may be denominated theinitial position. In such position the liquid enters the inlet 6 andpassing through the tube 8 and circular part of the port through thecut-off 9 moves outwardly or laterally into the rectangular portion 11of said port and passes into the port 3() of the piston and traversessaid port in a circular trend and into the longitudinal or segmentalchannel 12 and Vagainst the wing 16, as indicated by the course of thefeathered arrow shown at Fig. 2, and as the wing is held againstoscillation by its lower edge, located within its longitudinal seat inthe plate 17, the pressure of the liquid is exerted against the radialwall of the segmental channel 12, which causes the piston to oscillateupon the cylindrical key 14. This oscillation of the piston causes theport 31 of the piston to begin register with the rectangular enlargementof the port through the cut-off 9, and said port 3l trendslongitudinally and out through the near head of the piston, asillustrated by the feathered arrow at Fig. 6, so that theliquid-pressure is exerted between the cap 2 of the cylinder andthe nearhead 26 of the piston obviously causes said piston to movelongitudinally in the direction indicated by the arrow below Fig. 3.During this movement of the piston the port 30 is still in register withthe eut-offinlet-port, and consequently the piston is oscillated untilit has completed one-half of its reciprocating movement toward the farend,or one-fourth of what is understood as a full piston stroke, andreached the position illustrated at Figs. 4 and 5. The liquid'passingthrough the port 31 causes the piston to continue its reciproeatingmovement, and this movement brings the port 32 into register with theinlet cutoff port 11, and the liquid then also travels circumferentiallythrough said port to the opposite side of the wing 12, thus oscillatingthe piston in a direction opposite to thatjust described, whichoscillation is continued until the piston has completed its initialstroke toward the far end, at which time such oscillation of the pistonhas caused the port 33 to begin register with the inlet-port 11 of thecutoff, and the liquid then also travels through said port 33 betweenthe piston-head 25 and cap 2 of the cylinder at the farend and asindicated by the feathered arrow at Fig. IO, whichcauses the piston tobegin its return reciprocating movement, Fig. 9 illustrating theposition at one-half of the return stroke, or in the reverse position tothat shown at Fig. 5. The continued longitudinal movement of the pistonunder the pressure eX- erted by the i'luid through port 33 brings againport 30 gradually into register with inlet cut-off port 1l, which admitsthe liquid again `to the initial side of the wing12, causing lthe pistonduring its completion of the return stroke to be oscillated into itsinitial position, as shown at Figs. 1 and 2, ready to again begin themovements described.

The ports of the piston 10 which have thus far been described have theirentry or inlets on that side of the piston next to the inletnipple 6 ofthe casing 1. On the other side of the piston, diametrically oppositethe ports 30, 3l, 32, and 33, are ports 34, 35, 36, and 37, which I termexhaust-ports, and by following the trend in the several figures of thearrows with solid or V-shaped butts it will be readily seen that theliquid which enters the inlet-nipple 6 iinally escapes to theoutletnipple 7 and its service-pipe connection. Keeping in mind themovement of the liquid as already described and assuming thatithe pistonhas completed a full half-stroke and reached the position illustrated inFigs. 7 and 8, I will now explain more in detail how the liquid reachesthe exit-nipple 7 and its service connection. In this position theinowing liquid, as alreadydescribed, passing to the left of the wing 1G,causes the piston to oscillate toward the right and just at this mo-`ment the circumferential exhaust-port 36 is rolled into partial registerwith the exhaustport 11 of the cut-off 9 diamctrically opposite IOO IIO

to the similar inlet cut-off on the other side, and as the port 36communicates with the segmental channel 12 on the right of the wing 16the liquid at that locality is obviously expelled by the oscillatingmovement of the piston 10, and the liquid necessarily escapes throughthe tube 8 and nipple 7. At the same time the port 37, whichcommunicates longitudinally with the space between the cap 2 andpiston-head 26 at the near end, is gradually brought into register withthe exhaust-port of the cut-off on the right-hand side, and thelongitudinal movement of the piston expels'the liquid contained betweenthe vcap and piston-head through the exhaust cut-off port and throughthe tube 8 and nipple 7. The continued movement of the piston, asalready described, causes the liquid to again enter on the right-handside of the wing 16, and the liquid then on the left-hand side of. saidwing is expelled through the circumferential exhaust-port 34, whichcommunicates with the channel 12 on that side of the wing and which hasbeen brought into register with the exit or exhaust port of the cut-offon the right-hand side of the piston and cylinder, and hence said liquidis caused to travel through the exit-nipple, and,as under the actiondescribed, the piston again moves from the near end toward the far end,the liquid between the far-end head 26 and cap 2 is expelled through thelongitudinallytrending exhaust-port 35, and the liquid on the left ofthe wing 16 is expelled through the circumferential port 36. It willthus be seen that the action of the meter is continuous and that theliquid entering the nipple connection 6 is practically divided into fourdierent currents, which are again converged in the outlet-nippleconnection 7, and lhave found from practical experiment and observationthat this original subdivision of the inflowing column of liquid is sowell deiined that the converging column on its exit from the nippleclearly manifests the independent spheres of motion, or, in otherswords, that the column of liquid, although merged, shows four distinctaxial motions.

In order that the positions of the several inlet and outlet or exhaustports of the piston during the several oscillatory and reciprocatingmovements of the same may be better understood, reference is especiallymade to the diagrammatic figures of the drawings. Fig. 17 illustratesthe relation of the inletports of the piston to the port 11 of the inletcut-off when the piston is in its initial position, as alreadydescribed. Fig. 1S illustrates the relation when the piston has made aone-fourth stroke or reached one-half the distance toward the far end,and Fig. 19 illustrates the relation when the piston has completed aone-half stroke or reached the far end. Fig. 20 illustrates the relationat the three-quarter stroke or when the piston has returned one-half thedistance toward the near end; Fig. 21, the relation when the piston hasreturned to its initial pistion and completed a full stroke.

Figs. 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 illustrate in serial order the relation ofthe outlet or exhaust ports of the piston to the port 11 of the exhaustor outlet cut-off 9 in the same order as has been described withreference to the inlet-ports, so that it will be seen that the liquidwhich enters the inlet-nipple 6 to produce the oscillation andreciprocation of the piston is free to be expelled through the outlet orexhaust ports on the opposite side of the piston without interruption.From this condition it necessarily follows that my improved meter is ofnecessity self-cleaning and that any foreign substance held insuspension in the liquid-such, for instance, (where water is passedthrough the meter,) as silt or small Iish--will be fully cut up ordisintegrated to such extent as to relieve the meter from allobstruction and consequent stoppage of its operation.

The two dialnetric cut-offs 9, as clearly shown, are secured in positionupon the inner ends of the tubes 8 by a slip connection, and, as seen at38, the tube 8 on the inlet side has radial perforations behind theextreme outer movement of the cut-off in its slip movement, so that theliquid under pressure is .free to travel between the cylinder and thecut-off and hold the latter in close and watertight relation with themoving piston 10, thus compensating also for any wear which may takeplace. radial orifices 38 passes also between the semicylindric plate 17and the cylinder 1 and holds the former in water-tight relation with thepiston and compensates for wear.

The piston 10 is provided on the upper surface near the far end with aradial and undercut stud 39, (see Figs. 13 and 14,) surrounded by acircular race 40, and a pin or stud 41, projecting vertically from theupper portion 4 of the case,enters the race 40,and in the reciprocatingand oscillating movements of the piston the stud 39 travels around thestud 41, and the latter thus limits the movements of the piston. Securedwithin the periphery of the piston and near the end opposite to that atwhich are located the stud 39 and race 40 is secured a radial stud ortappet 42, which is threaded into a suitable boss on the cylinder 1, andthis tappet once during each full stroke of the piston contacts with aspur-wheel 43 on the lower end of the vertical shaft of the primary gearof the registering mechanism located within the register-box or casing5, and hence as each full stroke of the piston is made and a measuredquantity of liquid is thus passed through the meter a record is madethereof by the registering mechanism.

It will be noted that but a single piston is employed and that there areno dead-centers, owing to the fact that under the peculiar and describedmovements of the piston the'inlet `and exhaust ports on the oppositesides of the IOC The liquid passing through the o IIO piston bear suchrelation to the inlet and outlet service connections that both acircumferential and longitudinal port on each side of the piston are toa greater or less extent, respectively, in register with theinlet andoutlet nipple or service connection.

In order to provide for the equalization of the pressure contact betweenthe cut off plates 9 and supporting-plate 17 with the piston 10, theperiphery of the latter is formed with recesses 29, as shown in thetransverse sections of the drawings, so that the area of the peripheralsurfaces of said piston when in moving contact with the said cut-01T andsupporting-plates will be such that the exterior pressure willpredominate to only such a degree as to secure proper contact to avoidleakage and at the same time prevent unnecessary frictional and Wearingcontact.

The registering mechanism proper is located within the top 5 of thecasing, which is provided with a glass cover in order that the metermaybe read. The shaft of the primary gear 43 is suitably packed to makea watertight joint between it and the bottom of the register containingtop 5, and the stud 4l, which passes through the upper part of thecasing l and which is threaded therein rigidly, is properly sealed atits upper end after it has been duly adjusted to position relativelywith the stud 39 and race 40 on the periphery of the piston.

The ends or faces of the cylinder-caps 2 are formed with a countersunkrecess 44 to receive a suitable wrench for manipulating said heads inputting them in place or removing the same, and as the heads 26 of thepiston are hollow, as shown, the countersnnk recesses do not interferewith the movements of the piston,and I am thus enabled to reduce thelength of the meter and the weight of the same below that which would benecessary if exterior provision were provided for the use of a wrench.

From the construction and operation of my improved meter it will beobvious that the tappet 42 contacts with the spur-gear 43 but onceduring every full stroke of the meter, and hence the registeringmechanism during each of said full strokes accurately records the liquidpassed through the meter and according to its predetermined capacity.The stud 41, which enters the race 40, surrounding the stud 39 in theperiphery of the piston 10, locks the same against withdrawal from thecylinder until the stud 4l is backed out of the race, and consequentlywith the piston so locked within the cylinder the spur-wheel 43 cannotbe reached or tampered with to alter the record made by the registeringmechanism, which under such circumstances could only be reached for sucha purpose by removing the top portion 5, which contains the registeringmechanism. To prevent such removal of the portion 5 of the meter, Iprovide special locking mechanism which is adapted to and cooperateswith the details of construction of the meter, and such locking devicesconstitute the subject-matter of another application tiled by meconcurrently herewith and bearing Serial No'. 97,717.

Many changes may be made in mere details of construction, design, andproportions of the several parts of my improved meter without departingfrom the spirit of my invention.

Having described the construction, operation, and advantages of myinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. A liquid-meter embodyingin its organization a casing provided withinlet and outlet connections or passages, a piston located Within saidcasing and provided with circumferential and longitudinal ports asdescribed, a segmental channel extending from end to end of the pistonand closed at its ends by the heads ofthe piston; a wing or partitionlocated Within the segmental channel and bridging the space between theunder side of the piston and casing and connected to the casing andpiston so as to partake of only one of the movements of the latter;registering mechanism located within the casing and means intermediateof the piston and the registering mechanism, for operating the latter,substantially as hereinbet'ore set forth.

2. A liquid-meter consisting ot' a case provided with inlet and exitconnections, a reciprocating and oscillatory piston located within saidcase, and provided with asegmental channel and with two peripheralinletports leading to and through the opposite walls of the segmentalchannel, and two peripheral ports leading to opposite ends of thepiston, corresponding outlet or exhaust ports on the opposite side ofthe piston and reversely arranged relatively with the inletports, anon-oscillating Wing or partition located within the segmental channelof the piston and means intermediate of one edge of said Wing and thepiston to constitute a journal upon which the piston is adapted tooscillate; registering mechanism within the case, and means intermediateof the reciprocating and oscillating piston and registering mechanismfor operating the latter, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

3. Aliquid-meter consisting of a case provided with inlet and outletconnections, a reciprocating and oscillating piston located within saidcase and provided with a segmental channel and with two peripheralinletports leading to and through the opposite walls of the segmentalchannel, two peripheral ports leading to opposite ends of the piston,and with corresponding peripheral ports on the opposite side of thepiston and reversely arranged relatively with the, inletports; cut-offsopposite each set of piston` ports and each provided with a port ofgreater area than the respective peripheral ports of the piston, anon-oscillating wing or partition located within the segmental channelof the IIO piston and means intermediate of one edge of said wing andthe piston to constitute a jou rnal upon which the piston is adapted tooscillate; registering mechanism within the case, and means intermediateof the reciprocating and oscillating piston and the registeringmechanism for operating the latter, substantially as hereinbefore setforth.

4. In a meter such as described and in cornbination with the casingprovided with cylindrical caps to close the same, a reciprocating andoscillating piston located within the casing and provided with hollowcylindrical heads greater in diameter than the remainder of the pistonand adapted to fit and move within the cylindrical caps of the casingsubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a meter such as described and in coinbination with the casinghaving inlet and outlet connections and provided with cylindrical caps,and a reciprocating and oscillating piston provided with hollow headsfitting within the caps of the casing and with inlet andoutlet ports anda segmental channel; cut-off plates located on opposite sides of thepiston and provided each with a port communicating respectively with theinlet and outlet connections of the casing; a semicylindricalsupporting-plate confined between the heads of the piston and adapted toreciprocate therewith, and a non-oscillating wing or partition mountedat its lower edge within the supporting-plate and at its upper edge in acylindrical key located axially within the piston, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

6. In a meter such as described and in combination with the casingprovided with inlet and outlet passages and a reciprocating andoscillating piston located within the casing and provided withcylindrical hollow heads of greater diameter than the remainder of thepiston and with a segmental channel and ports leading from oppositesides of the piston to the segmental channel and through opposite headsof the piston, and with a radial wing located within the segmentalchannel and rotatively connected with the axis of the piston, portedcut-off plates located between the inlet and outlet passages of thepiston and adapt-ed to move bodily toward or from the p periphery of thepiston and provided with channels leading from the interior to the spacebetween said plates andthe casing, and a supporting semicylindricalplate arranged below the piston and with a space between said plate andthe casing, concentric and communicating with the space between thecut-off plates and the piston whereby a part of the liquid entering theinlet-passage under pressure may act upon the exterior surfaces of thecut-olf plates and supporting-plate to secure proper contact betweensaid plates and the periphery of the piston, substantially ashereinbefore set forth.

7. In a meter such as described and in combination with the casing andthe reciprocating and oscillating piston located therein and providedwith the segmental channel and rotatively mounteduponanon-oscillatingwing within said channel; supporting guide-pinsentering a longitudinal slot in the wing-supporting plate and supportedupon suitable seats within adjustable and removable screwplugs securedin the bottom of the casing, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

8. In la meter such as described and provided with the wing andpiston-supporting plate, the guide-pins for controlling the wing andpiston-supporting plate, seated in adjustable and removablescrewplugs,and provided with pockets or recesses at their base, andsprings located within said pockets or recesses, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

9. In a meter such as described and in combination withthe casing orcylinder, a reciprocating and oscillating piston located therein andprovided with hollow cylindrical heads of greater diameter than theremainder of the piston and removably secured thereto, whereby thefrictional area between the piston and cylinder is reduced, and the4wearing parts maybe readily and economically renewed substantially ashereinbefore set forth.

10. In a meter such as described the reciprocating and oscillatingpiston provided with hollow heads secured upon the ends of thepistonbody by screws, rendered predeterminedly and comparatively weaknear the ing of liquid contained within the meter, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

11. In a meter such as described, the casing or cylinder provided withcaps for closing the ends thereof, said caps rendered predeterminedlyweak by depressions or grooves in their disk-faces between their centersand circumference,.substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. In a meter such as described, in combination with the casing orcylinder having inlet and exit connections, and an oscillating andreciprocating piston located therein and provided with peripheral inletand exhaust ports and a radial channel such as described; anon-oscillating wing or partition located within the radial channel ofthe piston, said piston having oscillatory movement with relation tosaid wing, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

13. In a meter such as described the piston l0, provided with removablecylindrical heads, having each two ports' therethrough, a pair ofperipheral ports on each side of said piston leading circumferentiallyand reversely to and through the opposite walls of a segmental channel,and a pair of peripheral ports on each side leading reversely to theports through the heads of the piston, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

14. In a meter such as described a piston having closed heads withlongitudinal ports therethrough, and segmental channel closed IIO ateach end, peripheral ports on each side of the piston and leadingreversely to and through the opposite walls of the segmental channel,two peripheral ports on each side leading to the ports through theheads, and means axially arranged 'for oscillatory connection with anon-oscillating wing located within the segmental channel and confinedbetween the heads, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

l5. In a meter such as described the piston formed with a cylindricalbody, having screw-threaded lugs 24 at each end and hollow heads 26secured in position by screws 25, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

1G. In a meter such as described and in combination with the oscillatingand reciprocating piston provided with a segmental channel having a wingor partition located therein, a plate bridging the peripheral opening ofthe segmental channel of the piston, and adapted to move longitudinallywith said piston but held stationary against oscillating movement duringthe oscillation of the piston, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

17. In a meter such as described, a casing provided with inlet andoutletpassages, a piston located within the casing and adapted tooscillate and reciprocate therein and provided with a segmentalperipherally-open channel having a wing or partition located therein; aplate bridging the peripheral opening of the segmental channel andadapted for radial movement, means on one side of the casing foradmitting liquid under pressure between the piston, and the casing, andbetween the bridge-plate and the casing, and means on the opposite sideof the casing to prevent the escape of the liquid between thebridgeplate and the casing and between the piston and casing, wherebythe several parts are held in predetermined relation byhydrostaticpressure substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

18. In a meter such as described, the piston provided with the segmentalchannel, peripheral recesses of predetermined area each side of the'segmental channel, said. recesses in communication with the liquidunder pressure surrounding the piston, and plate bridging the segmentalchannel of the piston, whereby the pressure exerted upon the interiorand exterior surfaces of the bridge-plate may be accurately adjusted toproduce only such preponderance in external pressure as is required tokeep said plate in proper water-tight and working relation with thepiston, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

19. In a liquid-meter, in combination with the casing having inlet andoutlet passages, and a piston located within the casing and providedwith inlet and exhaust ports, a cutoff interposed between theinlet-passage of the casing and the piston and provided with one or morechannels communicating with the inlet-passage and a space between thecasing and said cut-off, and a cut-off on the opposite side having thespace between the same and the casing sealed against communication withthe exhaust-passage of the casing, whereby the cut-offs are held inproper contact with the piston by hydrostatic pressure substantially ashereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES C. ANDERSON. Witnesses:

JNO. J. HARROWER, D. G. STUART.

